Cholesterol is a lipid, or fat, molecule that is an integral part of cell membranes and plays an important role in many biological processes. It is classified into two main types: low-density cholesterol (LDL) and high-density cholesterol (HDL).

1. Low density cholesterol (LDL):

   – Known as “bad” cholesterol.

   – Its excess can lead to the formation of plaques in blood vessels, which contributes to atherosclerosis (formation of plaques in the arteries) and increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases.

2. High density particulate cholesterol (HDL):

   – It’s called “good” cholesterol.

   – Plays a role in removing excess cholesterol from the body, which can reduce the risk of heart disease.

The effect on the heart:

The level of cholesterol in the blood can have an impact on the state of the cardiovascular system. Elevated levels of total cholesterol and especially LDL cholesterol levels can lead to plaque formation in the arteries, which creates obstacles to normal blood flow. This process can lead to atherosclerosis and eventually to heart diseases such as angina pectoris and myocardial infarction.

Prevention of heart disease includes controlling cholesterol levels, maintaining a healthy lifestyle, including proper nutrition and physical activity. On the advice of a doctor, medications can also be used to lower cholesterol levels if necessary.